Sourdough Bread

I'm sure we've all had foods that we didn't like for years and then all of a sudden we did.  I can name a bunch of those foods, including sourdough bread.  For years, I wouldn't eat the stuff; now I can't get enough of it.

A lot of people don't like to fool with making sourdough because of having to fuss over the starter.  For those of you who don't know, the starter replaces the yeast which you would normally put in homemade bread.  The starter consists of two parts flour and one part water placed in a container and left to ferment.  If you're lucky, in a couple of days your starter will start to puff up and Eureka!  You have a starter.

At this point, I should tell you that, if it takes on a green appearance and/or begins to smell rotten, the wrong yeast got to your flour/water mixture.  You need to throw it out and start over.  The starter with the right yeast will smell tart but not rotten.  Most things you read on the internet tell you that you must feed your starter every week to keep it good.  Phooey!  I've had a starter in the fridge for three months, taken it out and fed it once, and used it.

Let's talk about how to feed your starter.  If you started with 1 1/2 cups flour and 3/4 cups water, scoop out one cup of the starter and throw it away (or make waffles out of it!).  Add one cup of flour, 1/2 cup of lukewarm water and stir thoroughly.  Let it set, covered, on the kitchen counter for six to eight hours while it grows.  Then put it in the fridge to be used when you are ready.

When you are ready to make bread, pull the starter out of the fridge, feed it as above, then wait for it to grow.  When it doubles in size, its ready to go.

My favorite sourdough recipe is as follows.  Mix  three cups of flour, 1 1/2 to 1 5/8 cups lukewarm water, and one cup of starter in a mixing bowl for a couple of minutes.  Cover the mixture and let it rise on your counter for about four hours.  Don't forget to feed your starter and let it grow as well.  After the four hour rise, put it in the fridge and let it sit there at least 12 hours (till the next day).

Pull the mixture out of the fridge and let it come up to room temperature.  Add 2 more cups of flour, 1 tablespoon sugar, and 2 teaspoons salt and knead either by hand (yuck!) or with a mixer.  After it is kneaded thoroughly, cover it and let it sit for two hours or until it has doubled in size.

Pull the dough out of the bowl (it will be a bit sticky but don't worry about that), gently divide it into two loaves and place each in a 5x9 pan.  Let it rise again until it has really puffed up.  Spray it with lukewarm water and place in an oven which has been preheated to 425°.  Bake for 25 to 30 minutes until the crust turns a golden brown.

Some other notes: I always use bread flour.  It is a bit higher in glutens than all purpose flour and makes a chewier bread.  Also, if you have a baking thermometer with a probe use it and remove the bread from the oven when it is 190-195° inside.  Yum, I can smell it already!

An Old Man's Musings

Every generation has memories of things, people and places that the next generation has no clue about.  I was reminded of some of these the other day and decided to write them down.

The Locker or Ice Plant - By the time I came along, we had an electric refrigerator but no freezer.  When we butchered a calf, a hog or chickens, we had to rent a locker at the local ice plant to store our meat in.  Two or three times a month, we would drive into Sand Springs and get enough meat out of the locker to last until the next trip.  The ice plant in Sand Springs was located on south Main Street and I remember it well.

Feed Sacks - All our feed was purchased in 100 pound sacks.  Cattle cubes and hog pellets were all in burlap sacks but the chicken feed was in printed pattern material.  Mom always had to go to Alfred Hughes' feed store in Mannford with Dad because she had to pick out the sacks she needed for sewing shirts and dresses.  I've worn many a shirt made from feed sacks.  Burlap sacks had a mulitude of uses but the one I remember best was for fighting grass fires.  A five-gallon bucket full of water and a burlap sack were necessities when fires were burning.

Pumping Water - Our house didn't have indoor water and the well was about 70 yards away so my brother and I would have to haul water in our red Flyer wagon to the house.  We were fortunate to have a good well and many of our neighbors used it as well.  It was not uncommon to see someone drive up to the well and fill up their containers (usually 10 gallon cream cans).

The Milk Cow - Although my Dad was fond of beef cattle, we always had a milk cow at home to provide us with milk and butter.  Again, it was my brother's and my task to make sure the cow got milked.  Usually we would sit on a stool on the left side of the cow to milk her and her calf would be on the right side taking its half of the bounty.  Our first cow was a Jersey named Pet and later we got a Guernsey, Rosa.  Having a milk cow is one of those situations where you HAVE to be there twice a day to milk her.  If we did, by some chance, go on a trip or a vacation, we had to find someone very reliable to milk the cow.

Selling Eggs and Cream - Because the cow produced an abundance of milk, we were always able to sell the cream we didn't use as well as our extra eggs.  After running the milk through the cream separator, we would haul it up to Varnell's store to sell.  The eggs were sold to any of our neighbors who didn't happen to have chickens.

The Outhouse - We didn't get running water or a toilet into the house until I was a sophomore in high school.  Prior to that, we had to make the trip to the outhouse when needed.  Dad had built a "two holer" which we used for many years but I don't recall ever sharing it with someone else.  Maybe it was just a status symbol!  My brother, Gary, and I did have the responsibility for digging a new hole when the old one was getting full.  It was a kind of ritual that we would dig all day and, when Dad came home, he would tell us that it wasn't nearly deep enough.  The next day we would finish the job.  Dad would then use the tractor to pull the outhouse from the old site to the new one.

Baling and Hauling Hay - Over the years, we put up many thousands of bales of hay.  It was hard, nasty work but I don't think we were scarred for life for having done it.  In fact, for two summers, Gary and I worked for Sylvester Garrison in Silver City doing custom baling.  At the age of 13 and 14 respectively, we would go to Garrison's and live in their house for the hay season.

Saturday Night Baths - We didn't take baths as often then as we do today.  Once or twice a week, we would drag the galvanized tub into the living room, fill it with water and take our baths.  There were six of us in the family and, by the time the sixth person got to take a bath, the water was milky white.  We had to set the tub next to the wood stove in the wintertime to avoid freezing our rear ends off.  Our house was not very well insulated (in fact, it had none) and at one point we had to switch to a coal stove because the wood stove wouldn't put out enough heat.  This picture is of our house just before we moved into it.

Telephones - We didn't have a telephone for a few years.  When my Uncle Dannie died in Utah in 1952, the Trowers, who ran the phone company in Mannford, called our neighbors up on the hill, the Larremores.  The Larremores then came down to our house and told us that we needed to go into Mannford and call my grandparents.  Later, when we got a phone, it was an eight-party line.  You could tell by the ring who the call was for.

There is no way I can imagine what my children would write along this same vein.  I'm sure it will sound equally bizarre to their children but that is life!

Hurricane Katrina

Ten years ago, August 25, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall in the Florida panhandle.  It turned and went back into the Gulf of Mexico and returned three days later, on Sunday, August 28.  Katrina was one of the deadliest hurricanes in U.S. history, with 1250 people killed and property damage of almost $110 billion.

In 2003, Foster Harness, my brother Gary, several other people and I had made a boat trip down the Arkansas River to the Mississippi.  You can read more about that trip in my blog of October 17, 2013.  It was one of those trips that, the day you get back, you swear that you will never do again but a week later you're thinking that the trip had been a lot of fun!

Sometime in the summer of 2005, Foster ran into me at the local cafe and suggested that we should make the river trip again.  By that time, I had forgotten every one of the negatives of the first trip and I told him that I was all in.  The date of Saturday, August 20, was selected as the departure date.

On our first trip, the plan was to leave Tulsa, travel to the mouth of the Arkansas River just north of Greenville, Mississippi, and return.  The plan on this trip was to get to the Mississippi, turn south and go all the way to New Orleans.  We decided to recruit some more boats to go with us so we began to spread the word about our trip.  I had an additional task of trying to find a partner for my boat on the voyage.  My son, Dan, needed little encouragement and he as soon involved.  Foster also recruited a crew and we were set.

In spite of all our searches for additional boats, we only found one other guy willing to make the journey.  He had never done anything like this but he had a boat mate and was anxious to go.

The trip down the Arkansas was largely uneventful except for a couple of events.  When we got to Pine Bluff, Arkansas on the third day the marina where we planned to fuel up was closed.  Fortunately, there was a gentleman living on a boat in the marina who offered his pickup truck to us to go for fuel.

The evening of the third day was a disaster.  We had been sleeping on sand bars and hadn't had any problems.  On that evening, however, the mosquitos moved in and viciously attacked us.  That was probably the most miserable night I ever spent.

On Tuesday, August 23, we loaded up our gear, went through the last lock on the Arkansas, and headed south on the Mississippi.  Because there are no locks on the Mississippi, we anticipated making very good time.  Our plan called for my wife, Louise, and my daughter-in-law, Dorinda to meet us in New Orleans with the boat trailer on Thursday, the 25th.  We arrived at the marina in Greenville about noon and had a great lunch at their cafe.

By this time, I was beginning to have problems with the starter solenoid on my outboard motor.  In spite of this, we took off headed for our next fuel stop in Vicksburg.  We arrived there about 2:30 in the afternoon and quickly learned that there was no gasoline to be purchased on the river.  We were faced with the prospect of having to hire someone to haul gasoline to our boats.  My starter problem was getting worse and I was concerned that it might fail completely.

It was late in the afternoon, we were hot and sweaty, and there was a casino/hotel right up the hill from the ramp which was beckoning to us.  Dan and I looked at each other and decided to "pull the plug" on the trip right there.  After telling Foster Harness of our decision, we headed for the hotel.

We had been on the river for 3 1/2 days and looked like it.  In addition, we didn't smell wonderful.  In spite of this, we managed to check into the hotel.  I'm not sure I would have rented us a room!  We called our wives, told them of our change of plans, and headed to our rooms for a shower.  I think Dan took two in thirty minutes!

Later in the evening, after we had had our first decent meal in four days, we went to the casino where I found a blackjack table and parked there.  Within a couple of hours I had told the pit boss of our adventure and he liked the story enough that he "comped" us breakfast for the next morning, Wednesday, August 24.

Louise had taken the trip as an opportunity for a family weekend in New Orleans.  She and Dorinda were bringing the boat trailer, our Daughter, Rachel, and her then-husband, Mike, were flying in and, of course, Dan was with me.  Louise and Dorinda arrived in Vicksburg early on Thursday, we loaded the boat and were off to New Orleans.

When we got to New Orleans, we found a "you store it" place to put the boat, picked up Rachel and Mike at the airport, and headed for the bed and breakfast just outside the French Quarter where we had made reservations.

On Friday, we all got up, had our breakfast, and headed for the Quarter.  About this time we began to hear about the hurricane, Katrina, which was in the Gulf.  We weren't concerned, though, because it was headed for the Florida Panhandle, not anywhere close to us.  Late on Friday, we wound up at Pat O'Brien's and proceeded to drink a few "hurricanes".  They were aptly named, I suppose.

We finally got back to the B&B and crashed.  The next morning, Saturday, the women got up early and headed back to the Quarter to do some shopping.  The guys, including me, were suffering from acute alcohol poisoning (hangovers) and stayed in bed.  About 9 a.m., we began to stir and turned on the television.  That was when we learned that Katrina had made a left turn and was headed for the Louisiana coast.

This was one of those events where, the longer it goes on, the more panic stricken you become.  By about 11 a.m., we decided that we needed to get out of there.  It was about that time that we learned a valuable lesson - cell phones become useless in a crisis situation.  We were trying to contact the women to tell them we had to leave but could not get through to them.  Finally, we got a text message through and they said they would get back to the B&B.

Rachel and Mike had return tickets to Tulsa to leave on Sunday morning.  Against our urging, they decided to stay in the city and try to catch their flight.  As it turned out, theirs was the last flight out of New Orleans and they beat us home!

We left New Orleans about 2:30 after picking up our boat and headed for Lafayette.  Our plan was to take I-10 to Lafayette, then I-49 north to Alexandria.  The trip from New Orleans to Baton Rouge, normally about an hour, took us FIVE hours.  It was the worst traffic jam I had ever seen.  We finally arrived in Alexandria about 11:30 p.m.

Hurricane Katrina came ashore in Louisiana about 3:00 p.m Sunday afternoon.  I can't tell you how happy we were to be away from there!

What's in a Name?

How important to you is your family name or surname? The name itself shouldn't be very important but somehow I'm finding out that it is. If you had been a Smith all your life and suddenly discovered that you were really a Jones, how would you feel?

I was born a Pierce but was adopted early on by my mother's second husband and my surname became Alexander. Having lived as an Alexander practically all my life, I'm kind of proud of that name. Being a genealogist, I'm also proud of my ancestors who bore that name.

Family or surnames didn't come into use until about the 15^th century in Europe. Prior to that time, people were just known by a single name. For instance, Vlad the Impaler was known only by Vlad. Of course, we all know about Attila also. As surnames began to be used, the name was often derived from the person's work or from where he lived. The most common example is the town blacksmith, who when he took a family name, usually became Smith.

Back to my story about the Alexanders. Over the past fifteen years I have done a lot of genealogy on our Alexander family. In fact, I had traced the lineage back to colonial times in Cecil County, Maryland. I'm reasonably sure that our family is descended from the Alexanders who migrated from Scotland to Ireland, then across the Atlantic to the colonies. After years of studying the family, I've grown very fond of my ancestors and their exploits.

DNA testing has become very popular in the past few years in genealogy. This testing helps find cousins you weren't aware of, confirm family lines that you've developed and give you some background on your roots. In the past five years, I've had a lot of DNA testing done and it has all been informative and rewarding. One thing I had not done, however, is any yDNA testing on the Alexander side of the family. yDNA testing follows only the male side of your family and should remain in sync with your family surname.

In order to do yDNA testing on the Alexander line, I had to enlist my brother, Milt, who was a direct descendant of Tommy Alexander and his father, Milton Walker (Cap) Alexander. We sent the test off in May, 2015, and just got the results back. Lo and behold, there was not a single match with the Alexander surname! Out of fifteen matches, ten of them were with people named something else. There were a couple of others who didn't match Alexanders either.

This is what the experts call a non paternity event (NPE). It could have been a child born out of wedlock, infidelity in a marriage, a child taking the mother's maiden name, an adoption or any of several other things. The evidence is pretty conclusive that our surname should have been something besides Alexander. The problem is that we don't know how or when this might have occurred.

I must tell you that I am very bummed about this turn of events. It's kind of like finding out that you aren't really who you thought you were. On the other hand, it does provide me fodder for continued genealogy, probably for several years!

I've purposely not revealed the surname which came up.  I want to do some more study before I tell what it is.

Susan Pearl Miller

My great grandmother was Susan (Susie) Pearl Miller.  She has been, to say the least, an interesting study.  Here is her story.

Susan Pearl Miller (1876-1939)

Susan Pearl Miller was born May 22, 1876, in Winfield, Cowley County, Kansas, to Daniel D. and Martha Jane Duncan Miller.  Susan (or Susie) was the fourth of eight children, all girls, born to this couple.

Her father, Daniel, was born in Indiana in 1837 but lived in Missouri and Iowa before marrying Martha Jane.  She too was born in Indiana, in 1845.  The couple presumably met in Iowa and were married on March 17, 1861, in Warren County.  Of course, the Civil War was just beginning and Daniel found himself in the 34^th Iowa Infantry in 1862-63.  According to family history, he was wounded in the leg at Gettysburg and later drew a pension of $12 every three months because of the injury.

In spite of the war and the aftermath of it, Daniel and Martha had the first three of their girls in Iowa and Missouri.  These were Elva, Sarah, and Delia.  Sometime after Delia was born (in 1870) and March, 1875, Daniel and Martha moved their family to Winfield, Kansas.  As was common then, several of Martha’s family, including her mother and father, also moved to Winfield.  Daniel, like his father before him, was a blacksmith.

After the move to Winfield, Daniel and Martha had their remaining five girls, Susan, Rose, Nellie, Jessie, and Frankie.  Frankie, their last child, was born in 1886.  According to verbal family history, Daniel and Martha then moved with their family to Colorado, later taking part in the Oklahoma land run in 1889.  Sometime in 1899, before November, Daniel passed away; in that month Martha Jane made application for a widow’s pension.  At the time she was living in Ramona, Indian Territory, Oklahoma.

Martha Jane lived another 17 years, dying in 1916 in Ramona.  She and Daniel are both buried in the Ramona Cemetery near Bartlesville, Oklahoma.

On January 26, 1891, Susie Pearl married Harry Nash in Trinidad, Colorado.  She was 14 years old at the time.  She would not turn 15 until May 22.  It is not known whether her parents took her to Colorado or how else she may have gotten there.  According to family history, Harry was born in 1867, making him nine years older than her.  This has not been confirmed, however, and very little is known about him today.

Between 1892 and 1897, Susie and Harry had three children, Arletta Florence, Edward Everett and Sedelia.  Apparently, all of these children were either placed in orphanages or raised by relatives.

Sometime in the late 1890’s, something happened to Harry.  Either Susie Pearl left him or he died.  On July 10, 1900, she married Richard Leace (Dick) Young in Grand Junction, Colorado.

According to Susie’s obituary, she and Richard had fifteen children, making a total for her of eighteen.  To date, only eight of the fifteen have been identified: Daniel R., Dolores, Francis D., Dorothy, Stanley, John, Dolly, and Jack.  The youngest identified child was Dolly, who was born in October, 1917.

In 1910, Richard and Susie were living in Spokane, Washington and had three of their children living with them; Daniel, Francis, and Dorothy.

In 1920, Susie and Richard were still in the same household.  At this time, only three of the children were living with them; Daniel, Dolores, and Dolly.

Sometime after 1920, either Richard and Susie divorced or he died.  Susie’s obituary stated that she had been preceded in death by two husbands so it is surmised that both Harry Nash and Richard Young had died.  Sometime in the 1920’s, Susie married James Nicholas Adair.  The 1930 Census showed them living in Boise, Idaho with no children in the family.

On May 8, 1939, Susie died in the Twin Falls General Hospital in Twin Falls, Idaho.  She died of pneumonia and, according to her obituary, her husband, James, was also critically ill with pneumonia.  He did, in fact, die eleven days later in the same hospital.  Her oldest son by Richard Young, Daniel Young, provided the family information on the death certificate and much of it is incorrect as is the information in her obituary.  It is supposed that Daniel Young also provided that information.

It is not known where or who raised Arletta Florence, Susie’s oldest child.  Arletta did marry twice, the first time to John Michael Gervens on October 12, 1912 and divorced him sometime before 1922.  On May 8, 1922, she married Fred Roy Buckmaster and they lived in Idaho the rest of their lives.  Both died in the 1970’s.  She and Fred Roy had two children.

Edward Everett Nash, born in 1894, was taken in by a family in Moab, Utah, and lived there and in Arizona before moving to Cromwell, Oklahoma in the early 1920’s.  He and his wife, Lessie Hester Mooneyham Nash, had seven children.  They both lived in Oklahoma till their deaths, she in 1980 and he in 1983.

Sedelia Nash, born in 1897, the third and last child of Susie and Harry, was raised by Susie’s family, living first with Frank Duncan and his wife Jennie, and later with Elva Miller Barker and her husband.  She married William Clyde Topping in 1913 and they lived in Oklahoma and Texas the rest of their lives.  Sedelia and Clyde had two children, Rex and Vera.  Sedelia died in 1975; Clyde in 1976, both in Overton, Texas.

Daniel Young, Susie’s oldest child by Richard Young, was born in 1902.  He seems to have been the only child who kept in touch with his mother.  Daniel married Mary Isabelle Timblin and lived in Idaho and Spokane, Washington most of his life.  He died in 1957 in Spokane at the age of 55.

Dolores Young was born in Utah in 1904 and apparently lived with her parents longer than some of the other children.  She married Edward Warfield (date unknown) and they had three children.  She died in about 1960.

Francis D. Young, the next child, was born in Utah in about 1907.  Nothing more is known about her at this time.

Dorothy Young was born in 1909 and was apparently adopted out soon after her birth to a family whose surname was Summers.  Little more is known about her either.

Stanley Keith Sears was born on May 1, 2012 as Teddy Young.  He was adopted by Eugene and Eleanor Sears in February, 1916.  After living several years in the Salt Lake City area, they are believed to have moved to Mobile, Alabama.  Stanley died in 1994 in Florence, Kentucky.

John Stanley Perkins Jr., the next child that is known of, was born on September 9, 1916, in Pocatello, Idaho.  He was adopted by John S. and Annie Perkins of Salt Lake City shortly after his birth.  His original birth name is unknown.  In the adoption decree, signed by Richard Leace and Pearl Young, they attested that they had no “fixed definite home” and that “the permanent welfare of (John Stanley Perkins) would be more fully and completely insured through its adoption by …………..”.

John Stanley Perkins Jr. married Thelma Lottie Petersen in Salt Lake City on August 8, 1936.  They had six sons and two daughters, all while living in the Salt Lake City area.  John died in 1982; Thelma in 2004.  At the time of his passing, John did not know that he was adopted.  Partly through an interest in genealogy and partly through DNA testing, their son, William Perkins (Bill) has become known to this writer.

The next child known about is Dolly Young, born on October 11, 1917.  She was married twice and died on October 21, 1969 in Kodiak, Alaska.

At least one other son, Jack, was born to Richard Leace Young and Susan Pearl Miller, but nothing is known of him.

DISCLAIMER: Genealogy is a fluid, ever changing endeavor.  The information presented here is the best effort by the writer to summarize a family’s history.  It most certainly will change as more information is obtained.

Edd Alexander, May 30, 2015

J.O. Alexander Revisited

Yes, its been a while.  I've been either busy or lazy, take your pick.  I've written about my great-grandfather before but I just completed a fairly comprehensive history of him.

James Orville Alexander (Jr.), Born 1828, Died 1906

The Life of a Pioneer

James Orville, or J.O. as most people referred to him, was born on May 10, 1828, in either Obion or Fayette County in Tennessee.  The exact location is not confirmed.

He was the youngest child of four born to James Orville Alexander (Sr.) and Drucilla Abernathy Alexander.  James Orville and Drucilla both died very young.  He was 29; she was 28 and they died within 13 months of each other, reportedly of scarlet or typhoid fever.  At the time of her death, the oldest child was no more than eight years old; the youngest one, J.O., was about 18 months old. 

According to Naomah Alexander Lance in her Alexander history, the children were raised by their aunt, Matilda Sharp Alexander Abernathy.  J.O.’s older siblings included Susan Matilda who was seven years older, Milton Elbert who was five years older, and John Walker who was three years his senior.

In about 1854, J.O. married Malinda Abigail Bradford while still living in Tennessee.  Susan Matilda had married in 1840 and had already passed away by the time of J.O.’s marriage.  Milton Elbert had married Charity Yokley in 1852 and John Walker had married Rebecca Ussrey in 1850.

J.O.’s new bride, Malinda, was the daughter of Eli Bradford and Jane Benthal Bradford.  Her father, Eli, had died in 1838, a year after she was born but the cause is unknown.  Her mother, Jane, remarried sometime before 1847 to Joseph Knox.  At the time of their marriage, Joseph was at least 50 years old, Jane was fourteen years younger, about 36.

By 1855, J.O.’s older brother, John Walker, and his wife, Rebecca, has already had two girls, Drucilla in 1851 and Susan in 1855, both born in Tennessee.  J.O. and Malinda had three boys within a short time of their marriage, James Mack in 1854, Milton Walker in 1857, and William Marcus in 1858. These children were all born in Missouri.  Based on these dates, it appears that the Alexander migration to Missouri was led by J.O., who was closely followed by John Walker.  As mentioned earlier, their sister, Susan, had already passed away; their brother, Milton Elbert, remained in Tennessee with his wife, Charity.

Milton and Charity had eleven children, all of whom were born in Tennessee and most of them remained there.  Even today, there remains a large contingent of their descendants living in
Giles and Maury Counties there.

Moving with J.O. and Malinda from Tennessee to Missouri were her mother, Jane and step father, Joseph Knox.  Joseph and Jane had had two sons of their own after their marriage: James Polk Knox, who became a physician, and Joseph Burdine Knox, who died at the age of 15 in 1865.  Soon after the move to Missouri, the older Joseph Knox died and Jane became a widow for the second time.

In 1860, Jane and her two sons, James and Joseph, were living next door to J.O. and Malinda in Benton Township in Dallas County.  John Walker and his young family also lived in Benton Township.

John Walker and Rebecca had another daughter and three sons between 1858 and 1871: Sophronia, William, James Milton, and Frank, who were all born in Dallas County, Missouri.  J.O. and Malinda had two more children, both girls, who were born in 1865 and 1868.  They were Susan Augustine and Martha Alice, both reportedly born in Texas.

It is possible that the Civil War had an impact on these two brothers separating.  In 1861 when war broke out, John Walker was 36 years old; J.O. was 33.  John Walker did fight for the North and received a pension from the government for his service.  J.O. fought on the side of the Confederacy, mostly in Texas.

J.O. joined the Confederate Army in December, 1862, as a private and for the term of "three years or [the end of the] war." He enlisted in Company D, the Frontier Regiment, with Colonel J.E. McCord commanding. The last muster listed for him ended on October 31, 1863. However, because of an incident which occurred on January 8, 1865, we know that he was still in McCord's Regiment.  The Battle of Dove Creek was a skirmish between Confederates and Texas state militiamen on one side and a group of Kickapoo Indians on the other. At least twenty-two soldiers were killed as well as many Indians. The battle is regarded today as a colossal blunder by the Confederates since the Kickapoo were not hostile, but were only trying to migrate to Mexico.

In an article published in the June, 1924, "Frontier Times" magazine, Judge I.D. Ferguson of Denton, Texas, wrote of his experience in the battle of Dove Creek:   "Just as these thoughts [of dying] were trooping through my brain, I saw the panic stricken column checking up and a little man wheel his horse and with a loud voice say, "Here boys, here, follow me, let us save that boy's life!"  It was J.O. Alexander of our company, God bless his noble name; to him I owe my life. He came charging back, followed by our own company and also Foycett's company, with the old gray headed commander leading them; and in a minute the whole command had rallied and were coming flying back, screaming and shooting as they came. They drove the Indians back and we planted ourselves on a ridge of prairie to stand and fight until every man was dead".

 A Childress County, Texas, Confederate Veterans Camp listed J.O. as being a member but did not report his regiment.

Sometime in the early 1860’s, J.O. and Malinda moved from Missouri to Cooke County, Texas on the border between Oklahoma and Texas.  Within a couple of years they had moved a few miles south into Denton County.  J.O. and Malinda’s two girls were born during this period, Susan Augustine in 1865 and Martha Alice in 1868.

Soon after Martha Alice was born, J.O. and Malinda sold their property in Denton County and, with their five children, moved to Bentonville, Arkansas.  Accompanying them to Arkansas was Malinda’s mother, Jane.  By this time, Jane’s son, James P. Knox, was either in college in Bonham, Texas or medical school at the University of Nashville.  Her other son, Joseph Burdine, had passed away three years earlier.

J.O. became a merchant in Bentonville and had a store on the main square there.  The 1870 Census listed his occupation as "merchant" and one of the people living in his house was listed as a "Clerk in Store”.  One of the people in the listing listed his occupation as "tinner" which would indicate possibly that J.O. was involved either with making or repairing pots and pans.

Benton Lodge No. 33, International Order of Oddfellows, was chartered on November 25, 1870, and J.O. was one of the charter members. (Goodspeed's History of Benton etal Counties, Arkansas, The Goodspeed Publishing County, 1889, page 102.)

J.O. had several real estate transactions while he lived in Bentonville.  On December 11, 1869, he and Mr. H.L. Glass purchased Lot No. 71 in Bentonville for the sum of $200.  They purchased it from Mr. Samuel Woods.  This lot is on the town square, directly across from the Benton County Courthouse and is apparently the location where J.O. had his store.

On March 15, 1871, Malinda passed away.  An obituary clipping from an unknown newspaper which has been passed down through the family reads, "......the death of Mrs. Malinda A. Alexander, wife of Mr. J.O. Alexander [of our town?].  Mrs. A. had but recently returned from a long [ ? ] to visit friends in Tennessee.  She came home sick with measles, supposed to have been taken in Nashville, which terminated fatally on last Thursday night.  We extend to the bereaved family our sincere sympathy in this their great affliction.  Death under almost any circumstance is an unwelcome guest but when he comes the [ ? ] invader of the sacred precepts of the family circle and with [ ? ] grasp tears from its endearing associations a prized and faithful wife, a fond affectionate mother, we can only, in our creature weakness [ ? ] our grief stricken and bleeding hearts to heaven and say: "Thy will, not ours, O God be done"."

Malinda Abigail is buried in the Bentonville Cemetery, about one block from Walmart’s World Headquarters.

On April 20, 1872, James sold his half of the  store lot to his partner, Mr. Glass, for $400.  In the meantime he had purchased two residential lots south of the store.  The first, 900 feet south of the store, was bought on June 10, 1870, from Thomas and Maria Hurley for $300.  He sold it on March 9, 1872, to James Pearce for $250.  The second, 650 feet south of the store, was purchased on March 20, 1871, from Seaburn and M.V. Marquis for $300.  He sold this lot on January 4, 1872, to Samuel Howard for $700.  It might be conjectured that James was giving up the merchant business and decided to go back to farming in early 1872.  He sold his half of the store and the residential locations and purchased a 40 acre tract on January 4, 1873, from Samuel Howard, to whom he had sold the lot in town. It may have been that this was a trade, since the amounts are the same and the date is the same except for the year.

In 1874, James O. Alexander went to court in Bentonville to obtain guardianship of his children. Why he had to go to court to obtain this guardianship is unknown (Benton County, Arkansas, Court Clerk's Record's, January 21, 1874, Book C, Page 131).  Sometime after 1873 and the time of the 1880 Census, Jane Knox packed up J.O.’s five children (her grandchildren) and moved back to Denton County, Texas, where they were all living with Dr. Knox, who had started his practice in Bolivar in 1873.  It is suspected that the timing of this move coincided with J.O.’s next marriage.

In March, 1875, he married Nancy E. Faulkner Worthington in Benton County, Arkansas and remained married to her at least five years since they were together in the 1880 census.   Nancy was the widow of Dr. James Worthington, a Bentonville physician who had been shot and killed in 1871 by the suitor of one of his daughters.  In 1880, three of Nancy’s children were living with her and J.O. in Bentonville.  On July 15, 1875, James and his second wife sold their 40 acre farm to C.S. Pace.

Sometime between 1880 and 1887, J.O. moved to Childress, Texas, and Nancy moved to Missouri to live with a daughter, Sarah Annis.  She later moved to Pontotoc County, Oklahoma to live with another daughter, Florence Robertson.  Nancy died there in 1910.  Although the couple separated permanently, no record of a divorce has been found.

Sometime between 1880 and 1887, at least two of the sons, James Mack and William Marcus, both of whom were in their twenties, became reunited with J.O. in Childress County, Texas. It is not known whether he followed them there or they followed him.  No evidence that Milton Walker went to Childress exists; Susan Augustine did not, since she had married in Denton County in 1882.  Martha Alice also remained in Denton County with her grandmother, Jane Knox.  Jane Knox died in 1882.

Childress County, Texas and the town of Childress were not even formed until April, 1887. Prior to that time, there were very few settlers in the area and those that were there lived in dugout houses and worked as cowboys. There was not even a census taken of this area in 1870.

J.O. initially settled in Arlie where, according to his obituary, he was a merchant and the first postmaster. After a couple of years, he moved to the town of Childress, where he was elected as Justice of the Peace in precinct 3 in 1891, succeeding his son, James M., and served in this role until 1898.  At the time of the 1900 Census, J.O. Alexander was living with his son, James Mack, and listed himself as "widowed" (1900 U.S. Census, Texas, Childress County, E.D. 12, Precinct No. 1, Line 113-117).  From the Obituary in the Childress Index of Friday, June 29, 1906 (courtesy of Panhandle Plains Museum in Canyon Texas):  "J.O. Alexander died at the residence of his son, W.M. Alexander, June 16, 1906. Deceased was in his 78th year, and had been a resident of this county since 1887. He was the first postmaster of Arlie, first justice of the peace of precinct three and the first merchant. He was born and reared in Tennessee. Later he moved to Missouri, then in 1861 he came to Cooke County, Texas. He afterward lived in Denton and Wise Counties. He was the honest poor man's friend and a man of unusual business acumen. The deceased was father of J.M., at Childress, also has two daughters living."  Of interest, it is noted that Milton Walker Alexander, a son,  was not mentioned in this obituary; he was the only one omitted.

Interestingly, J. O. and his two brothers all died within a few years of each other.  Milton Elbert died in 1908 in Giles County, Tennessee and John Walker died in 1903 in Dallas County, Missouri.

J.O. and Malinda’s children all stayed in the Texas-Oklahoma area.  James Mack (“Uncle Mack”), his oldest son, married Nancy Garrison and they had six children.  The family lived in Childress, Texas, the whole time.  He died in Ardmore, Oklahoma in 1930, while visiting one of his sons.

Milton Walker (“Cap” or “Capt”) moved to Mannford, Oklahoma and married Mary May Stephens.  They had two children in addition to two she had from a previous marriage.  His grave is at Oak Hill Cemetery in Mannford.

William Marcus (“Uncle Billy”) married Flora Cooper and they lived in the Childress area all their lives.  They had eleven children of their own and one of Flora’s from a previous marriage.  For many years, he owned a drug store in Hollis, Oklahoma, just across the line from Childress.  They both are interred at Hollis.

Susan Augustine, the oldest daughter, married Ambrose Bourn in Denton County, Texas, in 1882.  They had two girls before he passed away in 1905.  After his death, Susan moved to Erick, Oklahoma to live near her sister, Martha Alice.  She died tragically in 1911 when her clothing caught fire as she attempted to built a fire in her cookstove.

Martha Alice married Bailey Tinsley in 1885 in Wise County, Texas, just west of Bolivar.  They moved to western Oklahoma shortly after that where he was a cotton farmer all his life.  Martha and Bailey had no children of their own but they did raise Susan’s two girls after her tragic death.  The couple is buried in Erick Cemetery in Erick, Oklahoma.